Title: Kounis Syndrome (Part II)
题目：Kounis综合征（第二部分）
Author 作者: Semhar Tewelde
翻译：郑辛甜 校对：肖锋

- KS can develop from multiple etiologies: hymenoptera, proteins, vasoactive amines, histamine, acetylcholine, multiple antibiotics, and various medical conditions (angioedema, serum sickness, asthma, stress-induced cardiomyopathy).
－Kounis综合征可以由多种病因引起，如膜翅目昆虫、蛋白质、血管活性胺、组胺、乙酰胆碱、各种抗生素以及各种身体状况（血管神经性水肿、血清病、哮喘、应激性心肌病）等。
- Hypersensitivity myocarditis and KS are two cardiac entities of allergic etiology affecting the myocardium and coronary arteries, respectively. These two entities can mimic each other and can be clinical indistinguishable.
－过敏性心肌炎和Kounis综合征是两种不同过敏性病因的疾病，分别影响心肌和冠状动脉。这两种疾病比较类似，临床上较难区分。
- Presence of eosinophil’s, atypical lymphocytes, and giant cells on myocardial biopsy suggests hypersensitivity myocarditis.
－心肌活检中出现嗜酸性粒细胞、异性淋巴细胞和巨细胞提示为过敏性心肌炎。
- There is evidence showing use of corticosteroids with vasospastic angina with evidence of allergy or the presence of symptoms refractory to high-dose vasodilators has been reported to resolve symptoms.
－有证据显示，有过敏或出现对抗高剂量血管扩张剂症状的痉挛性心绞痛使用糖皮质激素将解除这些症状。

References 参考文献：
Kounis GN, Soufras GD, Kouni SA, et al. Hypersensitivity myocarditis and hypersensitivity coronary syndrome (Kounis syndrome). Am J Emerg Med 2009;27:506–508.
Vivas D, Rubira JC, Ortiz AF, et al. Coronary spasm and hypersensitivity to amoxicillin: Kounis or not Kounis syndrome? Int J Cardiol 2008;128:279–281.