Title: 10 New Drugs and Devices from 2011 - 2012 That Might Change Your EM Practice
题目：在2011和2012年出现的将改变你的急诊临床的10个新药或新仪器
Author: Feng Xiao (肖锋)
1. Xarelto® (rivaroxaban) - a Factor Xa inhibitor for treating venous thromboembolic disease (VTE)
拜瑞妥®（利伐沙班） - Xa因子抑制剂治疗静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）
For prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in adults undergoing hip and knee replacement surgery; for stroke prophylaxis in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation; on November 2, 2012, for the treatment of patients with DVT and PE and for long-term treatment to prevent recurrence.
预防成人髋关节和膝关节置换手术后深静脉血栓（DVT）形成；预防非瓣膜性房颤患者脑卒中的产生；2012年11月2日，DVT和肺动脉栓塞的治疗和预防复发。
2. Eliquis® (apixaban) - another direct factor Xa inhibitor
Eliquis®（阿哌沙班） - 另一个直接Xa因子抑制剂
for reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation that is not caused by a heart valve problem.
可减少非心脏瓣膜问题引起的房颤导致脑卒中和全身性栓塞的风险
3. Brilinta® (ticagrelor) - an antiplatelet agent
Brilinta®（替卡格雷） - 一种抗血小板剂
for secondary prevention of stent thrombosis, cardiovascular death, and heart attack in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者的支架内血栓形成，心血管死亡和心肌梗塞的二级预防。
4. Tudorza® (aclidinium bromide) - an inhalational anticholinergic agent for COPD / emphysema
Tudorza®（阿地溴铵） - 治疗COPD /肺气肿的吸入性抗胆碱能剂
Twice-daily dosing. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent®), four-time-daily dosing and tiotropium (Spiriva®) once-daily
每日两次。异丙托溴铵​​（爱喘乐®），每日四次；噻托溴铵（思力华®）每日一次
5. Sklice® (ivermectin) - topical treatment of head lice infestation
Sklice®（伊维菌素） - 外用治疗头虱
One time treatment 一次性治疗
6. Subsys® (fentanyl sublingual spray formulation for breakthrough cancer pain)
SUBSYS®（芬太尼舌下喷雾制剂控制癌症疼痛）
Healthcare professionals who prescribe Subsys® on an outpatient basis must first enroll in the Transmucosal Immediate Release Fentanyl Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy
门诊医生开SUBSYS®的处方权，必须向联邦粘膜芬太尼风险评估和控制战略部门申请
7. Dificid® (fidaxomicin) - antibiotic specific for treatment of Clostridium difficile
Dificid®（非达霉素） - 治疗难辨梭状芽孢杆菌的特异性抗生素
similar efficacy to vancomycin
与万古霉素有相似的疗效
8. Rectiv® (nitroglycerin ointment 0.4%) - topical therapy for anal fissure Rectiv®（硝酸甘油软膏0.4％） - 外用治疗肛裂
The recommended dosage is one inch of ointment (375 mg of ointment equivalent to 1.5 mg of nitroglycerin) applied intra-anally every 12 hours up to three weeks
推荐用量为一英寸（375毫克，相当于1.5毫克硝酸甘油软膏）肛门内，每12小时一次，可用三个星期
9. Auvi-Q® - a talking dispenser of epinephrine / adrenaline
Auvi-Q® - 一个会说话的肾上腺素注射器
Auvi-Q® is an epinephrine auto-injector that is easy to carry and “talks” to you how to use it
Auvi-Q®是一种肾上腺素自动注射器，很容易携带并“语音指示”你如何使用它
10. Zio-Patch® - a device for monitoring dysrhythmias in outpatients
齐奥粘片® - 一种在院外监测心律失常的设备
The Zio® Patch is a single-use, noninvasive waterproof continuous monitoring patch worn on the chest that provides continuous monitoring for up to 14 days.
齐奥粘片®是一次性使用的，非侵入性并防水的连续心电监测粘片。它戴在胸前，提供长达14天的连续心电监测。
Reference 参考文献:
Joe Lex. New Drugs and Devices from 2011-2012 That Might Change Your Practice http://www.emedhome.com/features_archive_detail.cfm