Title: Brain-Eating Amoeba!
题目：侵蚀脑组织的阿米巴！
Author 作者: Walid Hammad

General Information 一般资料:
       ·   Caused by the ameboflagellate Naegleria Fowleri
由福氏耐格里阿米巴引起
       ·   Case fatality rate is estimated at 98%
病例死亡率估计在98％以上
       ·   Commonly found in warm freshwater environments such as hot springs, lakes, natural mineral water, especially during hot summer months
常见于温暖的淡水环境，如温泉，湖泊，天然矿泉水，尤其是在炎热的夏季
       ·   Incubation period 2-15 days
潜伏期2-15天
Relevance to the EM Physician 与EM医师相关的内容:
·      Clinical presentation: resembling bacterial meningitis/encephalitis
临床表现：类似细菌性脑膜炎/脑炎
·      Final diagnostic confirmation is not achieved until trophozoites are isolated and identified from CSF or brain tissue
直到从脑脊液或脑组织分离和鉴定出滋养体，才能做出最后的诊断
·      Treatment: Amphotericin B
治疗：两性霉素B
Bottom Line 要点:
·      History of travel to tropical areas or exposure to warm or under-chlorinated water during summer time should raise the suspicion for Naegleria Fowleri. The amoeba is not sensitive to the standard meningitis/encephalitis therapy and amphotericin B must be added to the treatment regimen.
·在夏季时有到热带地区旅游或接触温暖或没有氯化好的水的病史，应怀疑有福氏耐格里阿米巴感染。阿米巴对标准的脑膜炎/脑炎治疗是不敏感，必需在治疗方案里加用两性霉素B。
References 参考文献：

Su MY, Lee MS, Shyu LY, Lin WC, Hsiao PC, Wang CP, Ji DD, Chen KM, Lai SC. A fatal case of Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis in Taiwan. Korean J Parasitol. 2013 Apr
Naegleria fowleri, Kelly Fero , ParaSite, February 2010 retrieved from http://www.stanford.edu/group/parasites/ParaSites2010/Katherine_Fero/FeroNaegleriafowleri.htm